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  • Vaccinology

Vaccinology

Ref. 96002
CategoryHealthCategoryLife sciencesCategoryCertificate
  • Duration: 8 weeks
  • Effort: 40 hours
  • Pace: ~5 hours/week
This MOOC describes the successes of vaccination in preventing diseases, as well as the remaining challenges in regard of persisting epidemics and new pandemics.
No open course runs

What you will learn

At the end of this course, you will be able to:

  • Summarize the basics of vaccinology
  • Define the clinical steps required to develop a vaccine
  • Describe the vaccines remaining to be implemented
  • Discuss how to improve the vaccine coverage
  • Explain the future challenges of vaccinology

Description

Vaccines are among the most effective public health interventions currently available. Smallpox has been eradicated and polio has almost disappeared worldwide through global vaccine campaigns. Most of the viral and bacterial infections that traditionally affected children have been drastically reduced thanks to national immunization programs in developed countries. Together with antibiotics and clean water, vaccines have increased life expectancy in both high- and low-income countries by eliminating many of the diseases that historically killed millions. It has been estimated that vaccines will have saved ~25 million deaths over 10 yr from 2010 to 2020, which is equivalent to five lives saved per minute. In terms of cost-effectiveness, it is estimated that $1 invested in vaccination results in a $10–44 healthcare saving.

In spite of the success of vaccination in preventing disease and its cost-effectiveness, several challenges remain such as increasing the diversity of the target populations by developing vaccines efficient in pregnant women who will protect their babies at early life, and in the elderly displaying a less efficient immune system to be primed.

Besides preventing infectious diseases, a few examples of already available vaccines preventing virus-induced cancers, such as liver cancer due to the hepatitis B virus or cervical cancers due to papilloma viruses, pave the way for further development of anti-cancer vaccines. Large-scale analysis of immune responses in humans, combined with progress in identifying key antigens that induce effective immunity, will enable the development of more effective vaccines in the near future.

Format

This MOOC consists of 6 teaching chapters. Each chapter consists of 5 to 9 sequences. Each sequence consists of a video of about 10 minutes and a MCQ so that students can test their knowledge. The videos are in English with French and English subtitles.

With the contribution of :

Cécile Artaud, Richard Aspinall, Brigitte Autran, Michel Beurret, Stephen Brown, Joël Calmet, Helen Campbell, Chetan Chitnis, Behazine Combadière, Cecil Czerkinski, Francis Delpeyroux, Hazel Dockrell, Othmar Engelhardt, Mark Fletcher, Nathalie Garçon, Christiane Gerke, Marie-Lise Gougeon, Bruno Guy, Ruth Karron, Marie-Paule Kieny, Jean Lang, Odile Leroy, Arnaud Marchant,  Flor Munoz-Rivas,  Peter Openshaw, Maria Grazia Pizza, Stanley Plotkin  Rino Rappuoli, Rafick-Pierre Sekaly, Benoit Soubeyrand, Duncan Steele, Daniel Tarantola, Timo Vesikari, Peter White.

Prerequisites

We recommend a good scientific background (such as a bachelor of biomedical science with a background in immunology and microbiology).

Assessment and certification

To follow this course, you can choose between two options. The DISCOVERY course gives you access to videos, quizzes and forum discussions. The QUALIFYING course also gives you access to a certification exam.

- Discovery Course

If you choose this path, you will have access to videos, quizzes and discussions in the forum. No certificate will be issued for this course. Registration is free.

- Qualifying course

In addition to the activities proposed in the DISCOVERY course, the QUALIFYING course will allow you to obtain a certificate. To do this, you will have to take a one-hour supervised distance learning exam consisting of 30 multiple choice questions (MCQs) and obtain 18 correct answers.

The cost of registration for the qualifying course is €150.

Obtaining a qualifying certification is an opportunity for you to obtain a diploma. Indeed, this course is one of the MOOCs of the Institut Pasteur's Digital Diploma in Infectious Diseases (DNM2IP) programme. For more information, please visit the Institut Pasteur's webpage dedicated to this new diploma.

Please note that only the "qualifying" course gives the right to a certification delivered by FUN and Institut Pasteur. There will be no certificate of completion for either the "discovery" or the "qualifying" course.

Course plan

    • • W1-1: History of vaccines
      • W1-2: The legacy of smallpox eradication: Immunization, strategies to control, eliminate or eradicate vaccine-preventable diseases
      • W1-3 : Poliovirus : the next successful eradication story ?
      • W1-4 : Epidemiology of infectious diseases: prerequisite for decision-making in vaccine development
      • W1-5 : Mathematical modeling of infectious diseases transmission
      • W1-6 : What a vaccinologist should know about the basic of immunology
      • W1-7 : Past, present and future of adjuvants in vaccination
      • W1-8 : Measurement of immune responses
    • • W2-1 : Immunological memory: the challenge of conferring long-term protection /
      • W2-2 : Vaccinomics: the future of vaccinology?
      • W2-3 : Maternal immunization
      • W2-4 : Hurdles to vaccination in early life: revisiting immunological immaturity in human newborns
      • W2-5 : Mucosal immunity: advantages and limitations in developing mucosal vaccines
      • W2-6 : Antigen discovery: from genomics to proteomics
      • W2-7 : Novel strategies for delivering vaccines
      • W2-8 : Vaccine Platforms overview
    • • W3-1 : Summary of clinical steps for vaccine development
      • W3-2 : Decision process in vaccine development
      • W3-3 : GMP production: which prerequisites and how to proceed.
      • W3-4 : Finding correlates of protection or the « Holy Grail » to avoiding large phase III clinical trials
      • W3-5 : Update on human challenge model for evaluation of vaccine efficacy
    • • W4-1 : Success of glycoconjugate vaccines
      • W4-2 : Rotavirus vaccines: success and drawbacks.
      • W4-3 : HPV: a vaccine against virus-induced cancer
      • W4-4 : Influenza vaccines : challenge of making a new vaccine each year
      • W4-5 : Tuberculosis: BCG , new vaccines and biomarkers for vaccine trials
      • W4-6 : COVID vaccine
    • • W5-1 : Introduction and discussion on opportunities and challenges to control respiratory diseases
      • W5-2 : Towards the development of a respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine
      • W5-3 : Malaria epidemiology, pathophysiology, immune responses, and vaccine development.
      • W5-4 : Dengue epidemiology, pathophysiology, immune responses, and vaccine development
      • W5-5 : The burden of diarrheal diseases and prospects for vaccine impact
      • W5-6 : Challenges to HIV vaccines.
    • • W6-1 : Innovation in future vaccines
      • W6-2 : Vaccines for the elderly
      • W6-3 : Vaccines for public health emergencies?
      • W6-4 : Globalization of vaccine production
      • W6-5 : New public/philanthropic private partnerships for effective global health vaccines development: pandemic preparedness & response case study
      • W6-6 : Vaccine hesitancy

Course runs

Archived

  • From Dec. 5, 2016 to Sept. 4, 2019
  • From May 4, 2020 to July 1, 2020
  • From April 26, 2022 to June 27, 2022

Course team

Armelle Phalipon

Categories

Armelle Phalipon is microbiologist-immunologist by training, and Director of Research at Institut Pasteur, Paris.

BEHAZINE COMBADIÈRE

Categories

Behazine Combadière is a director of research (DR1) at INSERM (Institut national de Santé et de Recherche Médicale) and head laboratory “Skin, Immunity and Vaccination” at the Center for Immunology and Microbial Infections.

Chloé ALBERT

Categories

PhD in immunology, I am working with Darragh Duffy in the Translational Immunology Unit at Institut Pasteur.

Organizations

Institut Pasteur

License

License for the course content

Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives

You are free to:

  • Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format

Under the following terms:

  • Attribution — You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
  • NonCommercial — You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
  • NoDerivatives — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you may not distribute the modified material.

License for the content created by course participants

All rights reserved

"All rights reserved" is a copyright formality indicating that the copyright holder reserves, or holds for its own use, all the rights provided by copyright law.

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